If you want to invest across an entire industry sector, or a broader benchmark, an ETF is the most straightforward way to achieve this. It allows you to target your investment to a sector without having to buy shares in each individual company. For example, if you want to buy Australian shares, you could buy the ASX 200 ETF, based on the largest 200 locally listed companies. So you would own part of the ETF, which itself owns stakes in those companies.